It’s a well-known fact that contention of organizational management depends not only on current situation in managed system in managed system and its nearest surroundings, but also on persons who make decisions. Their experience, professionalism, intuition and feelings influence directly on quality of managerial decisions and finally they influence on positions of managed system in time and space. Social acceptance of this influence caused development of behavioral economics as a new branch of economic science. The last one explores the process of human decision-making in day-to-day life and the ways of its’ improving on the base of hidden abilities in human consciousness. In the same time behavioral economics tries to adopt the best achievements of the previous economical concepts (classical and neo-classical) on the evolutional way of civilizations’ development, as well as find the best practical using for them.

One of the most important achievements in neo-classical economics is a model approach. It seems that in the behavioral economy, it will take its rightful place. In the present article, there’s an attempt to disclose the composition and content of mental models, which will form the basis of the model choice in the conditions of the behavioral economy. The main difficulty of such an idea is that the elements that form mental models, the connections between them and the environment are of an immaterial nature and are not given to us in sensations. 

The paper dedicates in commemoration of K.A. Bagrinovsky, known scientist, doctor of economic sciences, professor. His thesis was theoretic problems of mathematical modeling and operation of economy. His works in the operations research, the methods making decision, the simulation were received in scientific world. The analysis and the modeling of the mechanisms for scientific and technological development for the production systems of different level in economic hierarchic both centrally controlled economy and making mechanism were conduced by Bagrinovsky in CEMI RAS. The paper presents the investigations (2001–2015) of the analysis and the simulation of the different mechanisms of the innovational activity. It also discusses the methods of the development the complex of the simulation models. In a sense simulation modeling is the science and the art as the selection of the salient parameters for the construction model, intake simplification, the computer experiment and the making decision based on scarcity of accuracy models rest on the heuristic power of men: the practical trial, the intelligence and the intuition. K.A. Bagrinovsky introduced the considerable endowment in the development of this direction for economic and mathematical investigation.

The principal object was to show that the relationship between the innovational policy and the technological structure, scientific research sector and the introducing of the progressive production and the organizational structure is obtainable by the models. The character of these relationships may be to use in control of the parameters for the modernization economic. The construction simulation models and the experimental computation analysis were presented the investigations the different mechanisms of the innovational development ant the variants of the estimation have been accomplished on the modeling level by the computer experiment.

Entrepreneurship plays an important role in the modern global economy; the share of products of small and medium enterprises in the gross product and exports not only of the developed but also of developing countries is growing. Innovation processes cover all sectors of the economy, and more and more people are involved in entrepreneurial activity, which contributes to the penetration of entrepreneurial thinking and business values in all areas of the socioeconomic life of society. The Institute of Entrepreneurship plays an increasingly prominent role in the institutional environment of socio-economic systems. This actualizes the problem of studying the relationship of the institution of entrepreneurship with the institutions of law, culture, management. This requires a methodology that allows you to explore the impact on the institute of entrepreneurship not only economic, but also non-economic factors. The methodology of the “old” institutionalism possesses such a tool, it is structural modeling (pattern modeling), which allows to explore the diversity of interrelationships of the institution of entrepreneurship with other components of the institutional and economic environment. The article explored the features of the development of the institution of entrepreneurship in Russia, established the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship, values, motives and incentives for entrepreneurial activity, built a structural model of the institution of entrepreneurship based on the methodology of the old institutionalism (pattern modeling). The structural model of the institution of entrepreneurship reveals the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship, the values of entrepreneurial activity, its motives and incentives; as well as the relationship between the institution of entrepreneurship with the institutions of governance, cultural and religious institutions, legal institutions and society.

This paper analyzes the modern trends in the development of innovation infrastructure (II) in Russia and abroad. An intensive way of development of foreign technology parks is shown, which, acquiring new qualitative features, become centers of innovation at the international level, i.e. they transform to Innovation Centers (IC). The specific features of IC as an institute of innovative economy are marked. The main trend of the development of the Russian innovation infrastructure is shown as an extensive one, relying mainly on a quantitative increase and a partial modernization of the old elements. This is the path generated by contradictions, shortcomings and mistakes in the actions of the state and business. Some paradoxes of the development of the Russian innovation infrastructure are considered: the lack of reliable information about the quantitative configuration of innovation infrastructure, the lack of unified conceptual tools for the system of II elements, effective mechanisms for their interaction, and the innovation’s demand. The main reasons for the emergence of these paradoxes are associated with the lack of a unified (systemic) approach for solving a problems accumulated in the innovation sphere are analyzed. It is shown that the state attempts directed to the development of innovation policy and its financial support, to introduce various mechanisms of interaction between the participants of the innovation process, revive some II elements, as well as the creation of principal new elements, do not bring the expected results. We propose a number of ways for overcoming the existing paradoxes. They include: developing and implementing a single conceptual framework of innovation policy, the state monitoring and reporting system, and linking innovation infrastructure development plans with Federal Strategies and Programs.

The current state of environmental safety in Russia is described in the article. It is shown that the regulatory documents related to environmental safety are not fully harmonized. The article analyzes the results of social surveys of the population, reflecting the importance of the environmental situation in their places of residence. The shortcomings in the implementation of economic and institutional policies affecting environmental safety are considered. Based on the current environmental situation, the goal and priorities in the field of environmental safety are formulated. It is proposed to improve the legislation in the field of environmental protection and environmental management, taking into account the support for the development of environmentally friendly technologies and products. The economic stimulation of environmental safety, including the rationale for the use of ecological and economic criteria for economic decisionmaking is considered. The ways of creating the industry of utilization of harmful waste taking into account the union of the enterprises for production of the equipment for waste processing, the enterprises for waste processing and also the subjects applying waste and products of their processing as raw materials in technological processes are offered. The article considers the ways of increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and the impact of this increase on environmental safety, including the rationale for improving the energy efficiency of buildings by reducing the need for electricity and heat. The organizational measures of ecologically safe “green” economic growth are proposed taking into account the analysis of the best foreign practices. It is shown that the success of “green” growth in South Korea is due, in particular, to the political will of the country's leadership. It is proved that progressive provision of ecological safety is possible only on the way of system transformations in ecological and economic development of Russia.

In a market economy growth is generated by entrepreneurs. Innovators bring new products to the market. Millions of conventional entrepreneurs reveal new niches in the market they also stimulate demand, increasing the quality and availability of goods. The implementation of the May 2019 Presidential Decrees implies a technological breakthrough – GDP growth at a rate of 3–4% a year, which is two-three times more IMF forecast until 2023. To realize the planned breakthrough, a considerable increase in the number of entrepreneurs is needed. Sanctions against Russia limit the attraction of foreign direct investment and funds from the world market. The method of solution is based on generalization of the concepts of economic development in Russia by A. Kudrin and V. Titov in the form of three pairs of axioms: about entrepreneurs making growth; about institutions that form the investment climate; about the welfare of citizens as a growth target. The judgment on the conformity of the state of affairs in Russia with the axioms is based on the reference to each axiom of the ratings in which countries are ranked from the best to the worst. The gap in the values of the indices between the best and the worst country is taken as 100 and is divided into five equal parts. Additional information about the peculiarities of Russia can be obtained from an analysis of the composition of 10 countries neighboring Russia. Our analysis found that the poor quality of institutions in Russia is the main reason for the lack of entrepreneurship development in the country. The assessments of each axiom are made on several ratings. The results of this study justify the priority of measures to reform institutions in order to create a favorable business environment in the country.

The publication analyzes the phenomenon of the formation of professional networks in the virtual labor market. The aim of the work is to institutionalize the processes underlying the formation of professional networks. The initial premise is that professional networks with a multi-million audience form a special infrastructure for the virtual labor market, transforming and replacing the infrastructure of the traditional labor market. The study allowed solving the following tasks: to analyze the institutional features of the virtual labor market infrastructure, develop a classification of professional networks, identify trends and directions of their institutional development. The most important result of the study was the substantiation of the dependence of the characteristics of various types of professional networks on the needs underlying the economic behavior of different categories of participants in the labor market. Established the presence of feedback, reflecting the impact of users on the functional and features of various types of professional networks. In addition, institutional inconsistencies and the underlying causes that impede the development of these networks are highlighted. The factors determining the competitiveness of professional networks are determined through the optics of their functional matching to the expectations and needs of different categories of users. A special attention was paid to the influence of the comparative amount of transaction costs on the economic behavior of users. This factor was identified as the root cause of institutional growth and the demand for professional networks. The findings are of continuing importance for employers and users solving employment problems with the help of virtual tools, as well as for professional networks that determine the strategic priorities of institutional development. In addition, the study can be useful in developing policies for institutional regulation of the labor market, addressing career counseling and employment, as well as in the educational process (economic specialties and training areas). 

The significant trends in the Russian practice of strategic planning are discussed in the article. Therefore, identification of the priorities in the field of science and technology relies heavily on forecasted global data trends, but is not actually embedded in the process of forming the development strategy of socio-economic system (SES) in Russia. Moreover, the rules, by themselves, for selecting priorities and implementing mechanisms have not been substantiated neither methodologically – from the point of adequate understanding of development patterns of SES, nor methodically – according with system diversity in the totality of the current circumstances and factors, relationships and interactions of the SES elements. Such paradoxes have led to a decline both in the quality of the strategy and in the opportunities for its implementation with the purpose to revive science and technology sector, to solve internal problems, to maintain stability and balance of the SES. The paper reviles the specific flaws in the national strategies: discrepancy, fragmentation, inconsistency of the strategy directions both inconsistency of the strategy directions both among themselves and among the sectors of the economy and society. The results of the actual data calculation are presented in the article to illustrate the paradox in choice of some directions in the “Strategy for the Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation” approved on 1 Dec. 2016, so as such choice relies on the so-called “big challenges” of the global world, but not on the internal challenges and opportunities. The key requirements for the strategy were argued in the paper from the perspective of system economic theory, developing under the leadership of G.B. Kleiner in the CEMI RAS. Systemic logic schema to elaborate SES strategy is proposed: from system analysis to synthesize integrated comprehensive image of the future system, based on systemic vision of the problem situation and on systemic assessment of the SES potential in the framework of proposed Structure of conditions and factors. The findings concern fundamental improvements both in practice of elaborating strategy and in developing the theory of strategic planning and governance.