The author analyses the fundamental issues of the crisis of economic science and develops a new scientific paradigm that can explain many anomalous facts, which do not fit the «mainstream» of economic thought. The reasons for the inability of the latter to explain the observed crises and processes of modern economic development rooted in the inadequacy of the basic assumptions of neoclassical economic theory are revealed. Its (neoclassical economic theory) concentration on the study of the position of market equilibriumd, which is never achieved in the real economy, leads to scholastic interpretations of the processes of distribution of the public product. These interpretations are degenerated in the apology of the existing order of regulation of the economy. The proposed new approach is focused on the study of issues of economic development, and the changes in the economic system are the main subject of the analysis. The author pays attention to the fact that the dynamics of these changes in general case is nonlinear, nonequilibrium and uncertain. The patterns of economic dynamics due to the features of scientific-technical progress, technological life cycles and global economic structures, mechanisms of formation of technological trajectories and industrial cycles are revealed. The development of the modern economic system is represented as a movement from one attractor to another, which is never reached due to continuous emerging of innovations creating the new attractors. A new scientific paradigm explains the reasons for periodically occurring economic crises interrupting the process of economic growth, reveals the patterns of the latter, provides some justification for recommendations of successful economic policy.

The article is devoted to an analysis of the conditions necessary for the robust economic growth. The word «robust» means a perception that each citizen of the country aiming to improve his (her) position, suggests that the situation in the country tomorrow will not be worse than today. The clause about the aspiration to improve the provision is essential, it assumes active actions to be executed in the fields of activity permitted by the law. In any society there are people, for whom society is forced to care, but they don’t determine the strategy of development of society. The passional entrepreneurs creating the economy of new Russia in this case shall set the tone.

In this article, the formula for calculating the Dow Jones is considered from the point of view of influence on its value in this formula the correction factor, usually called «divisor of the Dow Jones» (Dow Divisor) and changing when changing companies on its list, with the split and some other transactions with shares. This ratio is «stratified» into two components, one of which is changed only when the company replaced its list, and the other - only for the split and other operations with the shares. Using this bundle divider Dow Jones, its values are translated at the complete exclusion of the divider from its calculation, as well as exclusion from the alternate divider values of each of these two components. The dynamics of the thus obtained new index values compared with each other as well as with the dynamics of its common values and the dynamics of the US GDP. We consider some other factors affecting the value of the index.

The information influences the behavior of agents - their decisions in different situations of economic choice. This expectation of price change benefits, supply and demand will affect the final decision of the agent. Here is how the grand total interaction of agents on the side of supply and demand is determined by the presence or absence of information on mutual reactions of the agents is shown. The procedure for selecting an agent, as shown by D. Kaneman A. Tverski, is highly dependent on the expectations, sometimes on the intuition of the agents, who would rather prefer small win to more serious losses, since the rejection of the loss is higher than the acceptance of the prize. To develop this model of decisionmaking and behavior, it is shown that, if the agent exactly commensurate loss probability and payoff, or has information about alternatives, lost his psychological evaluation in the sense of loss aversion of Kahneman-Tversky. In other words, decisions and behaviors algorithm are generated in a more complex way, than in the prospect theory.

The author attempts to identify the main trends of economic development in Russia in 2000-2014, to eliminate the impact of 2008-2009 crisis. The main conclusion of the analysis is: the strikingly low efficiency of capital investments in the Russian economy took place during the period. This has resulted in a slowdown in labor productivity growth and return on assets as well as an extremely high degree of correlation between the gross domestic product (GDP) and the number of employed in the economy. The change in the structure of investments designed as to deliver the corresponding changes in the structure of production should be acknowledged as the main condition of economic growth in Russia.

We analyze the process of implementing a new business model of innovations’ exchange in Russia, which is the model of open innovations. The special attention is paid to studying an impact of barriers to this process. The evaluation of the government actions in implementation of new mechanisms for encouraging innovations is provided.

The paper presents the results of the study on investigation and interpretation of strategic aspects of the corporate giving of companies pretending to be national leaders in this particular field. The results allowed to testify that the vast majority of these companies have introduced formalized strategies for corporate giving mainly connected with the creation of social value per se. Nevertheless, the choice of directions and forms for particular projects and programs demonstrate the high potential for creating shared value and therefore for obtaining competitive advantages through improvements of companies’ competitive context.

An ergodic model describing how the market value of equipment depends on its effective age, reliability and maintainability is provided. An unconventional treatment of known discounting and stability principles allows us to relate the market value of the equipment item with the market values of its analogues and take into account the random nature of the operation and repair processes. The proposed model explains the presence of a large number of equipment items, whose age is much higher than the standard service life.

The problems of development of the Arctic area of Russia, important for the economy of Russia determine the necessity to study its population. The Arctic area population is mostly urban, that’s why it should be taken into the special consideration. We examined the size, the age-sex structure and the natural movement of the urban population of the Russia’s Arctic area. The regions of the Arctic area demonstrate the natural population increase, but its losses from the migratory movement are higher, so the population of the Russia’s Arctic area is decreasing. In conclusion, different ways of the demographic development of the Russia’s Arctic area are examined; some measures of the demographic policy encouraging the population increase are discussed.

The article deals with the issues of using frequency spectrum by industrial enterprises. It describes some characteristics of the spectrum as a natural object and production factor. It also discovers the main aims and methods of spectrum management. Trends and institutional changes in the spectrum management system are defined in terms of moving from administrative to market methods of spectrum management. The economic and methodical tool of public spectrum management suggested by the author is based on a single methodological concept. The article reveals the main theoretical and methodical statements that form the basis of that tool.