The article is devoted to the problems of developing a positive reproduction strategies of families and of social and economic policy, provides a solution to its objectives. On the basis of historical experience, we explore the future of the family as the primary unit of society. Analyzed the achievements and remaining challenges of family policies in the Soviet Union and the crisis of reproduction of the population in the post-Soviet period. The necessity of social reform. Measures to overcome the systemic crisis and transition: first, to restorative growth, then economic growth, and only then to develop.

A model of a two-sector economy with monopolistic competition in the industrial sector and perfect competition in the standard sector is considered. The equilibrium of the model is found under the assumption that workers are mobile within their sectors, but cannot move from sector to sector. Consumers’ preferences are described by a general utility function. Then we investigate the relative scale effect: the response of macroeconomic variables such as demand, supply, prices and wages on changes in the employment structure between the sectors.

The article deals with topical issues of organizational and institutional regulatory processes cross ing the state border and customs operations in export, import and transit of goods in Russia and in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Special attention is paid to the implementation of the Single Window mechanism prior notification and electronic declaration of goods transported by rail. It is shown that the customs authorities effective functioning is a major requisite of transport and transit potential of the EAEU realization.

In the last decade the country is witnessing the emergence of a relatively new institution - corporate mortgages. This article provides an overview of the practice of corporate mortgage programs in such leading Russian companies with state participation, as «Mosenergo», «Rosneft», «Gazprom», «Norilsk Nickel», «Roscosmos» and «Russian Railways». Author shows the difference of corporate models. The notions of classical and modified corporate mortgage and quasi-mortgage are introduced. Low vulnerability of the new Institute in a crisis 2014-2015 is noted.

In the article objective need and economic value of ensuring priority development of agriculture is considered. Negative consequences of underestimation of this need in the agrarian policy pursued by the nowadays Russian authorities are shown, and measures for economic strategy of the state in the field of rural development proposed.

On the basis of systematic study and analysis of socio-economic development of Russia in its historical aspect revealed the serious negative impact of urbanization of the vital habitats of humans. Aggressive technology used in modern industry and transport, causing increasing harm not only human health, but also his creativity and pose a threat to life itself. Exit from the critical situation, the author sees in the use of science in biology, electronics and informatics, which allow you to jump to sixth and seventh technological systems. This transition is capable of reviving the eternal harmoning of the union of man and nature. This is the essence of creating a system of multi-functional rural-ecological villages.

The characteristics and generalization of the economic and social problems of the supply chain links spatial separation, concentration of capital, export expansion and large-scale import of essential consumer goods and others under globalization and market liberalization, as well as the risks to the economic security of Russia are considered.

Nanotechnology (NT) is the first global scientific and technical initiative in the 21st century, which provoked considerable research, economic and political interests. The Russian government considers them to be a locomotive for driving the economy onto the innovation track, aiming in the medium term to bring the country into a group of the world leaders. The article presents a scientometric analysis of the some intermediate results of NT development. The calculation of bibliometric indicators showed continuing decline of Russia’s contribution to world output of nano publications, as well as made possible to measure the intensity of its col laboration with different groups of countries, and to compare the citation of publications co-authored with the foreign scientists in relation only the Russian ones. Analysis of patents allowed to estimate the (domestic and international) patent activity of the Russian inventors, the formed patent landscape and possible directions for commercialization in the field of carbon nanostructures. In the conclusion, some problems of the nanotechnology policy of the country’s scientific authorities discussed.

The article analyses labor productivity (per hour) dynamics of the Russian manufacturing sector in 1995-2008 and presents 2007 estimates of labor productivity levels for Russia and 9 countries in 13 manufacturing industries. The group of countries includes Russia, USA, Germany, France, CEE countries and China. In contrast to previous works, level comparisons are based on industrial PPPs (which gives more precise estimates), analysis deals with a wider country grouping and more detailed industry level. Russian manufacturing sector labor productivity is only 18% of US level (in 2007). Better situation is in metallurgy (51% of US level) and pulp and paper industry (36% of US level). The worst situation (4-11% of US level) is in wood products, chemical industry and machinery. Considerable productivity gaps are the evidence of technological weakness of Russian economy, but also it implies the possibility of catching up by means of technology borrowing. Labor productivity level analysis shows that Czech, Hungary, Latvia and the most developed industries of China manufacturing can be considered as perspective sources of technology borrowing for Russia.