The paper presents a comparative analysis of the property rights, ownership forms and property regimes notions. The «presentational capacities» of these notions in terms of real situations’ correct description are compared. It is shown that the concepts of property rights and property regimes are more appropriate for detailed analysis of the ownership performance specificity. The final part of the paper deals with some applications of the common property regime notion.

This article was prepared on the basis of the report made 24 November 2014 at the Scientific Council’ session of CEMI RAS. The situation formed in the Russian economy at the end of 2014 - the transition from the after-crisis state of economy to its stagnation stage, - is considered. It is formulated that to prevent its further undesirable transition to the recession stage, it is necessary to change substantially the state management paradigm operating in the country during all the reformation period, as well as its main components-policies: social, macroeconomic, tax and staff and so on. Some proposed efficient directions of each of these policies changes are mentioned.

The present work is devoted to the methodology of working out the development strategy of the Russian Federation’ subjects. The concept of socio-economic region system on the basis of interpretation of the necessary variety principle, with respect to regional socio-economic systems, is developed in the paper. The concept of the problem underlies the proposed methodology of regional strategy development. The emergence of problems of socio-economic development is related with the lack of appropriate management tools. Based on the realizing the necessary variety principle, it is proposed to overcome this lack by means of creating cluster systems in the regions.

The article examines the conditions of sustainable development based on three types of key competitive advantages of the Russian economy. They are energy resources, market size (external and internal) and the high educational level of the labor force. Their opportunities and limitations for sustainable socio-economic development were revealed, allowing for the national peculiarities and global trends. New technologies are considered as one of the sustainability factors. However, a systems approach is promoted to implement the available internal superiority based on the harmonic combination of powers of all kinds of advantages and other favorable factors. In particular, it is aimed at creating modern industrial structures in the Russian East.

The paper proposes the ways of getting objective results by means of such method of research as «questionnaire», based on collecting some general information concerning the enterprises and assessing the level of enterprises’ readiness to work under the WTO conditions. Analysis of the respondents’ opinion provides some reliable information and can annually create the information basis for making and correcting decisions, aimed at supporting the enterprises by regional public authorities, which is very important as the industrial production of the Kostroma Region produces one third of its gross regional product (GRP).

The paper considers the specific features of the State target programs as the well-developed and effective tools of scientific, technical and program-targeted planning in the Russian Federation. The special attention is paid to the improvement of the methodological support of program formation and effectiveness evaluation. The specific nature of the regional target programs and the causes of their low efficiency of implementation are considered. The specific features of actions implementation within the federal target programs in the subjects of the Russian Federation with simultaneous co-financing of those actions within the framework of regional target programs are outlined. The advantages and disadvantages of applying the method of expert assessments as a basic method of developing complex plans and target programs are described. Various mechanisms of the partnership between the State and businesses in terms of investments in innovative companies in the developed countries are considered. Based on the proposed mechanism of implementation for the results of State scientific and technical programs, current challenges in the field of targeted planning and government regulation of scientific and technological activities were identified.

The paper analyzes the required standards of quantity of published papers for researchers in terms of both reasonability and feasibility. The reasonability is seen as the level of correspondence of the standards with the strategy of supporting Russian science in the global community and feasibility is treated as the physical ability of existing journals to encompass all the proposed quantity of papers. The implications of the paper suggest the need for more thoughtful approach to the instruments of science development: engaging competent elites to the decision-making process, reproduction of the practice of scientific workshops (seminars), the issue of Russian scientific journals with international editorial boards.

The paper considers the problem of quantitative estimation of the tariff policy impact on the markets of certain types of agricultural products. The appropriate model of imperfect substitution between import and domestic production is proposed. Based on it, the percentage changes can be determined in: 1) the price of domestic products; 2) the supply of domestic products in the domestic market; 3) the demand for imports, including partner countries (groups of countries) based on small changes in import tariffs. Despite rather stringent assumptions and limitations, the present model can be a useful tool for analyzing the scenario calculations of the impact of tariff and customs policy on the food and agricultural raw markets markets.