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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2024-1(104)-35-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EGUEOC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICAL POLICY AND ECONOMICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние продажи российских подразделений западных компаний на технологический уровень производства в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of the sale of Russian divisions of western companies on the technological level of production in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-0425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурков</surname><given-names>Игорь Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurkov</surname><given-names>Igor B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор, профессор-исследователь</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurkov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-7962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филинов</surname><given-names>Николай Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filinov</surname><given-names>Nikolay B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент, профессор</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nfilinov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8721-9723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидов</surname><given-names>Закиржон Баходурович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidov</surname><given-names>Zokirzhon B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, доцент</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zsaidov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Высшая школа бизнеса, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University, Graduate School of Business, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гурков И.Б., Филинов Н.Б., Саидов З.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гурков И.Б., Филинов Н.Б., Саидов З.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gurkov I.B., Filinov N.B., Saidov Z.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/964">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/964</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья представляет собой общий обзор развития реакции компаний недружественных стран, имеющих дочерние производственные подразделения в России, на развитие российско-украинского кризиса, эмпирических исследований феномена и попыток его теоретического осмысления. Целью работы является этапизация процесса и выявление конструкций теории международного бизнеса и смежных академических областей, которые могут использоваться или уже использовались для объяснения и предсказания поведения его участников. Работа основана на авторской базе данных о всех 280 предприятиях западных корпораций, построенных и официально открытых в России в период с января 2012 по декабрь 2019 г. Актуальная версия базы данных включает отчеты о прибылях и убытках 280 компаний с 2019 по 2022 гг. а также информацию об их продажах в 2022 г. Первый этап реакции западного бизнеса (2014–февраль 2022 г.) представлял собой структурную перестройку и включал как уход каких-то компаний с российского рынка, так и открытие новых производств у действующих игроков рынка и приход новых. Второй этап (февраль 2022 – ​конец 2022) характеризовался относительно свободным выходом западных компаний с российского рынка, который принимал различные формы. В целом сменили владельцев 27,8% созданных в 2012–2019 гг. западными компаниями производств с вариацией по отраслям от 20 до 40%. О влиянии этого ухода на экономику с точки зрения объемов производства, его технологического уровня и управленческой культуры судить рано: нет данных. Если оценивать масштаб этого выхода в стоимости основных средств, которые сменили владельцев, этот показатель равен 1–2% стоимости основных средств соответствующей отрасли российской промышленности, и только в отрасли «Производство металлических изделий» этот показатель составил 5,7%. Третий этап, продолжающийся по настоящее время, характеризуется введением российской стороной значительных ограничений, затрудняющих и замедляющих дивестирование и предотвращающих дезинтеграцию созданных западными инвесторами производственных комплексов с распродажей оборудования и ликвидацией рабочих мест.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides a general overview of the development of the reaction of companies from “unfriendly countries” with manufacturing subsidiaries in Russia to the development of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, empirical studies of the phenomenon and attempts to theoretically understand it. The purpose of the work is to stage the process and identify constructs from the theory of international business and related academic fields that could be and was used to explain and predict the behavior of its participants. The work is based on the authors’ database of all 280 enterprises of Western corporations opened in Russia between January 2012 and December 2019. The current version of the database includes profit and loss statements of 280 companies from 2019 to 2022, as well as information on their sales in 2022. The first stage of the reaction of Western business (2014 – ​February 2022) was a market restructuring and included both the departure of some companies from the Russian market and the opening of new production facilities from existing market players and the arrival of new ones. The second stage (February 2022 – ​end of 2022) was characterized by a relatively free exit of Western companies from the Russian market, which took various forms. In general, 27.8% of production facilities created in 2012–2019 by Western companies changed owners, varying by industry from 20 to 40%. It is too early to judge the impact of this departure on the economy in terms of production volumes, its technological level and management culture: there is no data. If we evaluate the scope of this exit in the value of fixed assets, that have changed owners, tht figure amounted to 1–2% of the cost of fixed assets in the corresponding sector of Russian industry, and only in the industry “Metallic works” it amounted to 5.7%. The third stage, which continues in present, is characterized by the introduction by the Russian side of significant restrictions that complicate and slow down divestment and prevent the disintegration of production complexes created by Western investors with the sale of equipment and the elimination of jobs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>санкции</kwd><kwd>международные корпорации</kwd><kwd>выход из зарубежных активов</kwd><kwd>дивестирование</kwd><kwd>основные средства</kwd><kwd>обрабатывающая промышленность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sanctions</kwd><kwd>multinational corporations</kwd><kwd>divestment of foreign assets</kwd><kwd>fixed assets</kwd><kwd>manufacturing &#13;
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