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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2022-1(96)-17-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-750</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Что такое деньги?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>What Is Money?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колганов</surname><given-names>Андрей Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolganov</surname><given-names>Andrey I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор заведующий Лабораторией сравнительного исследования социально-экономических систем; главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">onaglo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова;&#13;
Институт экономики РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov at Moscow State University; &#13;
Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колганов А.И., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колганов А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolganov A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/750">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/750</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью статьи является изучение экономической природы денег. Автор отмечает, что в ряде наиболее распространенных денежных теорий вопрос о природе денег даже не ставится. Автор показывает, что ряд современных теорий денег имеет родство с номиналистической теорией, а также с концепцией кредитной природы денег. Однако природа денег в этих концепциях либо не получает ясного определения, либо основывается на ошибочном толковании фактов. Ответ на вопрос о природе денег автор начинает с анализа отношений товарного производства, лежащих в основе возникновения денег. Автор основывается на приоритете воспроизводственного подхода и полагает, что субъективно-психологические оценки полезности товаров не являются основанием пропорций обмена. Деньги рассматриваются как обособленное предметное бытие присущего товарам объективного свойства стоимости. Поскольку капиталы в современной экономике обращаются в основном в форме фиктивного капитала, именно его оборот выступает как основание кредитной эмиссии, обеспечивающей денежное обращение. Регулируемый характер кредитных отношений знаменует собой подрыв свойств денег как продукта стихийного движения товарного производства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the article is to study the economic nature of money. The author notes that in a number of the most common monetary theories, the question of the nature of money is not even raised. The author shows that a number of modern theories of money are related to the nominalist theory, as well as to the concept of the credit nature of money. However, the nature of money in these concepts either does not receive a clear definition, or is based on an erroneous interpretation of facts. The author begins the answer to the question about the nature of money by analyzing the relations of commodity production underlying the origin of money. The author is based on the priority of the reproductive approach and believes that subjective psychological assessments of the usefulness of goods are not the basis of the proportions of exchange. Money is considered as a separate objective being of the objective property of value inherent in goods. Since capital in the modern economy is mainly in the form of fictitious capital, it is its turnover that acts as the basis for a credit issue that ensures monetary circulation. The regulated nature of credit relations marks the undermining of the properties of money as a product of the spontaneous movement of commodity production.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>деньги</kwd><kwd>монета</kwd><kwd>товарное производство</kwd><kwd>обмен</kwd><kwd>капитал</kwd><kwd>ссудный капитал</kwd><kwd>кредит</kwd><kwd>кредитные деньги</kwd><kwd>фиктивный капитал</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>money</kwd><kwd>coin</kwd><kwd>commodity production</kwd><kwd>exchange</kwd><kwd>capital</kwd><kwd>loan capital</kwd><kwd>credit</kwd><kwd>loan money</kwd><kwd>fictitious capital</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Азизов А. А., Хорошилов А. С. (2020). Налогообложение в Древней Руси // Вопросы российской юстиции. Вып. 8, с. 338–346.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azizov A. A., Khoroshilov A. S. (2020). 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