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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2020-2(89)-147-159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-564</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ  ДИСКУССИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC DISCUSSION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Либерализм и государство: экономический рост и  неравенство</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Liberalism and the State: Economic Growth  and the Inequality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волконский</surname><given-names>Виктор Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkonsky</surname><given-names>Victor A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. э. н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volk-econom@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5903-8674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилец</surname><given-names>Юрий Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilets</surname><given-names>Yuri N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. э. н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yurkag@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудров</surname><given-names>Александр Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrov</surname><given-names>Alexander V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kovlal@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН, Москва</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Economic Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦЭМИ РАН, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волконский В.А., Гаврилец Ю.Н., Кудров А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волконский В.А., Гаврилец Ю.Н., Кудров А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkonsky V.A., Gavrilets Y.N., Kudrov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/564">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/564</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проводится критическое сравнение двух противоположных взглядов на социально-экономическое развитие России: радикально-либеральной и социально-государственной идеологии. Причиной для сравнения послужил доклад профессора В. В. Коссова на заседании (6 декабря 2019 г.) Международной академии организационных наук (МАОН) («Барьеры на пути экономического роста России»), в котором утверждалось, что главными барьерами экономическому росту в России являются вмешательство государства в хозяйственную деятельность и недостаточно уважительное отношение к частной собственности у населения. В статье на статистических данных показано, что, во‑первых, рост ВВП не должен считаться главным показателем успехов страны, а во‑вторых, именно слабость государства фактически мешает социально-экономическому развитию. Показано, что такие проблемы, как ликвидация бедности и неравенства, не могут быть решены без активного участия государства. Главным является не экономический рост и прямая демократия, а удовлетворение интересов всех социальных групп и достижение социальной справедливости. Данная позиция подкрепляется обращением к результатам исследований многих западных ученых-экономистов. Критикуя либеральную позицию, авторы статьи остаются сторонниками свободного развития личности и общества равных возможностей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides a critical comparison of two opposing views on the socio-economic development of Russia: radical liberal and socio-state ideology. The reason for the comparison was the report of Professor V. V. Kossov at a meeting (December 6, 2019) of the International Organizational Sciences Academy (IOSN) (“Barriers to Russia’s Economic Growth”), which stated that the main barrier to economic growth in Russia was government interference in economic activity and insufficient respect for private property in the population. The article shows on statistical data that, firstly, GDP growth should not be considered the main indicator of a country’s success, and secondly, it is the weakness of the state that actually hinders socio-economic development. It is shown that such problems as the elimination of poverty and inequality cannot be solved without the active participation of the state. The main thing is not economic growth and direct democracy, but the satisfaction of the interests of all social groups and the achievement of social justice. This position is supported by an appeal to the research results of many Western economists. Criticizing the liberal position, the authors of the article remain supporters of the free development of the individual and the society of equal opportunities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>либерализм</kwd><kwd>роль государства</kwd><kwd>неравенство</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>демократия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liberalism</kwd><kwd>the role of the state</kwd><kwd>inequality</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>democracy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Варшавский Л. Е. (2019). Анализ социально-экономических проблем и вызовов, связанных с ИКТ // Труды Института системного анализа Российской академии наук. Т. 69. Вып. 1. С. 3–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varshavsky L. E. (2019). 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