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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2019-2(85)-115-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-449</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICAL POLICY AND ECONOMICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патентная активность как показатель, определяющий вектор развития мировой экономики</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Patent Activity as an Indicator Determining the Vector of Development of the World Economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасов</surname><given-names>Сергей Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasov</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. э. н., к. т. н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">san693@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, ведущий инженер</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mirmipt@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦЭМИ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/449">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/449</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ изменения числа ежегодно подаваемых патентных заявок является новым методом исследования закономерностей экономического развития. В статье рассмотрены две тенденции. Первая: в мире за исключением Китая с 1980-х гг. прирост подаваемых патентных заявок снижается, за исключением краткосрочного интервала 1997–2002 гг., и после 2002 г. он не превышает 1,5% в год. В Китае ежегодный 20%-й прирост числа патентных заявок на протяжении четверти века привел к увеличению доли этой страны от всех заявок в мире до более 40%. При этом распределение патентных заявок по различным направлениям в Китае практически полностью коррелирует с мировым вектором научно-технологического развития. Вторая: произошло изменение характера движения в направлении диверсификации мирового научно-технологического развития, на что указывает динамика индекса Херфиндаля–Хиршмана (индекса монополизации). Как минимум, с 1980 г. до конца XX в. индекс монополизации снижался. Изменение произошло в 1997–2002 гг., и после 2002 г. значение индекса растет. Происходит увеличение доли патентных заявок в таких областях, как компьютерные технологии, цифровая связь, электрические машины, измерительная техника. Снижается доля как достаточно сформировавшихся направлений, доля которых выше 2–3% (телекоммуникация, производство текстиля и бумаги, аудиовизуальная техника, станки, органическая тонкая химия, химические технологии), так и находящихся на начальном этапе (основные коммуникационные процессы, микроструктуры и нанотехнологии). Проведен анализ динамики индекса технологической специализации. Для ведущих экономик мира выявлены направления технологического развития, по которым происходит наиболее успешное развитие. Показано, что направления, по которым доля патентных заявок России превышает ее среднемировой уровень, а именно пищевая химия, микроструктуры и нанотехнологии, анализ биологических материалов, имеют отрицательную динамику в мире на протяжении последних пяти лет. Поэтому требуются корректировка отечественного вектора научно-технического развития и перенос усилий на развитие компьютерных технологий, медицинской техники, транспорта, механических элементов, двигателей, насосов и турбин, гражданского строительства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Analysis of the change in the number of annually filed patent applications is a new method for studying the patterns of economic development. The article considers two trends. Firstly, the growth of patent applications is decreasing in the whole world with the exception of China since the 1980s excluding the short – term interval of 1997–2002, after 2002 does not exceed 1.5% per year. In China, the annual 20% increase in the number of patent applications over 25 years led to an increase in its share in the patent applications of the world by more than 40%. At the same time, the distribution of patent applications in various areas in China almost completely correlates with the global vector of scientific and technological development. Secondly: there was a change in the nature of the movement in the direction of diversification of the global scientific and technological development, as indicated by the dynamics of the Herfindahl – Hirschman index. At least from 1980 to the end of the 20th century, the monopolization index had been decreasing. The change occurred in 1997–2002, and since 2002 the monopolization index has been growing. There is an increase in the share of patent applications in the areas of Computer technology, Digital communication, Electrical equipment apparatus, Energy, Measurement. At the same time, the share of both wellformed areas, the share of which is above 2–3% (these are Telecommunications, Textile and paper machines, Audiovisual technology, Machine tools, Organic fine chemistry, Chemical engineering), and those at the initial stage (basic communication, Micro-structural and nano-technology) are decreasing. The analysis of the dynamics Revealed Technological Advantage performed. For the leading economies of the world, directions of technological development have been revealed, along which the most successful development takes place. It is shown that the directions in which the share of patent applications in Russia is ahead of its average world level, namely Food chemistry, Micro-structural and nanotechnology, Analysis of biological materials, have had a negative dynamics in the world over the past five years. Therefore, the adjustment of the domestic vector of scientific and technological development and the transfer of efforts to the development of computer technology, medical technology, civil engineering, computer technology is required.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производственная функция</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd><kwd>патентная заявка</kwd><kwd>направление технологического развития</kwd><kwd>диверсификация технологического развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>production function</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd><kwd>patent application</kwd><kwd>technological development</kwd><kwd>diversification of technological development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа подготовлена по результатам исследования, поддержанного Российским фондом фундаментальных исследований (проект № 17-06-00304).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акаев А.А. 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