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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2019-2(85)-84-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-447</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICAL POLICY AND ECONOMICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизация количества и периодичности ремонтов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimization of the Number and Frequency of Repairs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоляк</surname><given-names>Сергей Абрамович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolyak</surname><given-names>Sergey A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. э. н., главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smolyak1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЦЭМИ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смоляк С.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смоляк С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolyak S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/447">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/447</self-uri><abstract><p>При управлении производственным процессом на предприятии важно выработать правильную политику проведения капитальных ремонтов машин и оборудования. Обычно в этих целях используются рекомендуемые в литературе нормативы периодичности ремонтов. В публикациях по теории надежности эта задача рассматривается как оптимизационная, а в качестве критерия оптимизации принимаются удельные показатели, например коэффициенты готовности или средние затраты на эксплуатацию и ремонт машин в единицу времени. Однако подобные критерии не в полной мере отражают экономические интересы предприятий – владельцев машин, которые в условиях рыночной экономики ориентируются на максимизацию рыночной стоимости. В данной работе предлагается формировать ремонтную политику, при которой рыночная стоимость предприятия, а значит, и всех его активов будет наибольшей. Соответствующая экономико-математическая модель базируется на принципах ожидания выгод и наиболее эффективного использования, лежащих в основе теории стоимостной оценки. Эта модель учитывает физическое изнашивание машин в процессе их эксплуатации, а также возможность случайных ресурсных отказов, приводящих к необходимости прекратить использование машины. При этом влияние капитального ремонта на улучшение технического состояния машин описывается с помощью предложенной Кидзимой модели несовершенного ремонта. Проведенные по нашей модели расчеты позволяют выяснить, как зависят оптимальные число и сроки проведения ремонтов от таких факторов, как стоимость ремонта и его восстанавливающая способность, темпы физического изнашивания машин, а также интенсивность их ресурсных отказов. Мы показываем, как с помощью этой модели учитывать влияние темпов инфляции на ремонтную политику, а также ставок налогов на прибыль и имущество.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>When managing the production process at an enterprise, it is important to correctly develop a policy for overhauls of machinery and equipment. Usually for this purpose, enterprises use the standards for the repairs frequency recommended in the literature. In publications on the reliability theory, repair policy is considered as an optimization problem. In publications on the theory of reliability, this problem is considered as optimization. In this case, usually the criterion of optimization is some kind of relative indicator, such as availability rate or average operating costs per unit of time. However, such criteria do not fully reflect the economic interests of enterprises – owners of equipment. In a market economy, these enterprises are focused on maximizing their market value. In this paper, we propose to form a repair policy in which the market value of the enterprise, and therefore all its assets, will be most. The corresponding mathematical model is the best use underling the valuation theory. It also takes into account the physical deterioration of machines during their operation, as well as the possibility of random marginal failures, leading to the need to stop using the machine. In this case, the improvement of the technical condition of the machine after its overhaul is described using the Kijima imperfect repair model. The calculations carried with our model allow establishing how the optimal number and timing of repairs depend on such parameters as repair cost and its restoration factor, the rate of physical wear of machines, and the intensity of their resource failures. We show how to use the constructed model to take into account the effect of inflation rates and income and property tax rates on the repair policy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машины</kwd><kwd>оборудование</kwd><kwd>изнашивание</kwd><kwd>рыночная стоимость</kwd><kwd>стоимостная оценка</kwd><kwd>доходный подход</kwd><kwd>принцип ожидания выгод</kwd><kwd>наиболее эффективное использование</kwd><kwd>капитальный ремонт</kwd><kwd>межремонтный цикл</kwd><kwd>модель Кидзимы</kwd><kwd>ресурсный отказ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machinery</kwd><kwd>equipment</kwd><kwd>deterioration</kwd><kwd>market value</kwd><kwd>valuation</kwd><kwd>income approach</kwd><kwd>anticipation of benefits</kwd><kwd>best use</kwd><kwd>overhaul</kwd><kwd>inter-repair cycle</kwd><kwd>Kijima model</kwd><kwd>marginal failure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрианов Ю. 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