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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2019-4(87)-21-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-413</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономический анализ рациональности в традиции Харви Лейбенстайна</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The economic analysis of rationality in the tradition of Harvey Leibenstein</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-2718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розмаинский</surname><given-names>Иван Вадимович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozmainsky</surname><given-names>Ivan V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.э.н., доцент департамента экономики Санкт-Петербургской школы экономики и менеджмента</p><p><ext-link xlink:href="https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?authorid=110764" ext-link-type="uri">1225-5995</ext-link></p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irozmainskij@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашенцева</surname><given-names>Юлия Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashentseva</surname><given-names>Yulia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент бакалавриата программы «Экономика» департамента экономики Санкт-Петербургской школы экономики и менеджмента</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuipashentseva@edu.hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургская школа экономики и менеджмента Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики», Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg School of Economics and Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургская школа экономики и менеджмента Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики», Санкт-Петербург</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg School of Economics and Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Saint Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Розмаинский И.В., Пашенцева Ю.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Розмаинский И.В., Пашенцева Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rozmainsky I.V., Pashentseva Y.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/413">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/413</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена экономическому анализу рациональности в традиции Харви Лейбенстайна. Авторы воспринимают рациональность как расчетливость при принятии решений, при этом степень этой расчетливости трактуется как переменная величина. Таким образом, данный подход не соответствует общепринятому неоклассическому толкованию рациональности, согласно которому рациональность является полной и постоянной. Авторы статьи полагают, что такой неоклассический подход предъявляет слишком жесткие требования к способностям людей, поскольку в реальной жизни они не ведут себя как счетные машины. В статье рассматриваются различные факторы, ограничивающие степень рациональности индивидов. Одна группа факторов связана с внешними информационными ограничителями – сложностью и масштабностью информации, а также неопределенностью будущего. Другая группа факторов  связана с неформальными институтами. В частности, в статье утверждается, что система планового социализма способствует более низкой рациональности в сравнении с системой рыночного капитализма. Таким образом, в постсоциалистических странах, включая современную Россию, не следует ожидать высокой степени рациональности поведения хозяйствующих субъектов. В статье упоминаются, в частности, такие обусловленные неформальными институтами факторы рациональности, как склонность к расчетливости, склонность к независимости при принятии решений и целеполаганию. Авторы также предполагают, что люди, живущие самостоятельно, как правило, более рациональны, чем люди, ведущие с кем-либо совместное хозяйство. Это предположение проверяется эконометрически на базе данных, собранных авторами посредством опросов молодых городских жителей. Выяснилось, что поведение людей, чьи ответы вошли в эту базу данных, в целом соответствует предположениям авторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper is devoted to the economic analysis of rationality in the tradition of Harvey Leibenstein: the authors perceive rationality as “calculatedness” when making decisions, while the degree of this “calculatedness” is interpreted as a variable. Thus, this approach does not correspond to the generally accepted neoclassical interpretation of rationality, according to which rationality is both full and constant. The authors believe that such a neoclassical approach makes too stringent requirements for the abilities of people. In real life, people do not behave like calculating machines. The paper discusses various factors limiting the degree of rationality of individuals. One group of factors is associated with external information constraints such as the complexity and extensiveness of information, as well as the uncertainty of the future. Another group of factors is related to informal institutions. In particular, the paper states that the system of planned socialism contributes to less rationality than the system of market capitalism. Thus, in the post-socialist countries, including contemporary Russia, one should not expect a high degree of rationality of the behavior of economic entities. The paper mentions, in particular, the factors of rationality caused by informal institutions, such as the propensity to calculate, the propensity to be independent when making decisions and the propensity to set goals. The authors also believe that people who live on their own are usually more rational than people who share a common household with someone else. This assumption is verified econometrically based on data on young urban residents collected by the authors. It turned out that the behavior of people included in this database, in general, corresponds to what the authors believed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полная рациональность</kwd><kwd>ограниченная рациональность</kwd><kwd>переменная рациональность</kwd><kwd>Лейбенстайн</kwd><kwd>институты</kwd><kwd>неопределённость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>full rationality</kwd><kwd>bounded rationality</kwd><kwd>variable rationality</kwd><kwd>Leibenstein</kwd><kwd>institutions</kwd><kwd>uncertainty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Автономов В. С. Модель человека в экономической науке. СПб.: Экономическая школа, 1998. 232 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alchian A. (1950). 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