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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2025-28(2)-59-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">FJZKXQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-1063</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННАЯ ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICAL POLICY AND ECONOMICAL PRACTICE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективная оценка эффективности импортозамещения продукции отраслей обрабатывающей промышленности северо-­запада России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A retrospective assessment of the effectiveness of import substitution of the manufacturing industries’ products of the Russian North-­West</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokova</surname><given-names>Elena Yurievna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shir11@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН ВолНЦ РАН, Центр структурных исследований и прогнозирования территориального развития, Вологда</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Sciences Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vologda</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Широкова Е.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широкова Е.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shirokova E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1063">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1063</self-uri><abstract><p>Политика импортозамещения, проводимая в России с 2014 г., предназначена для развития отечественных производств конкурентоспособной продукции. В условиях санкционных ограничений ее активизация должна нивелировать риски сворачивания выпуска критически важных для экономики страны и регионов товаров. Наиболее пострадавшими отраслями, связанными с высокой импортной зависимостью от техники, оборудования и технологий, являются обрабатывающие производства. Выявление проблем реализации политики импортозамещения и ограничений для разных подотраслей полезно для органов власти при корректировке промышленной политики и разработке мер поддержки. В работе выявлены тенденции импортозамещения для всех подотраслей обрабатывающей промышленности Северо-­Запада России, для чего рассчитаны коэффициенты доли импорта во внутреннем потреблении в промежутке 2017–2021 г. На основе статистики Росстата и последних доступных данных о внешней торговле Северо-­Западного таможенного управления выделены отрасли обрабатывающей промышленности с положительными и отрицательными тенденциями. Обнаружены аномалии резкого изменения доли импорта для ряда отраслей в 2021 г., что могло произойти из-за усиления санкционного давления и дополнительного ограничения внешней торговли. Полученные результаты позволяют оценить эффективность проводимого импортозамещения в макрорегионе в рассматриваемый промежуток времени и косвенно оценить влияние санкций до 2021 г. Исследование будет интересно для экономистов, изучающих отраслевую специфику социально-­экономического развития регионов, а также для органов исполнительной власти.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The import substitution policy implemented in Russia since 2014 is designed to develop domestic production of competitive products. Under the conditions of sanctions restrictions, its activation should offset the risks of curtailing the production of goods that are critically important for the country’s economy and regions. Manufacturing industries are the most affected industries due to high import dependence on machinery, equipment and technologies. The identification of problems in the implementation of import substitution policies and restrictions for different sub-sectors will be useful for authorities in adjusting industrial policy and developing support measures. The paper identifies import substitution trends for all sub-sectors of the manufacturing industry in the North-­West of Russia, for which the coefficients of the share of imports in domestic consumption in the period 2017–2021 are calculated. Based on data from Rosstat and the North-­Western Customs Administration, manufacturing industries with positive and negative trends have been identified. Anomalies of a sharp change in the share of imports for a number of industries in 2021 were found, which could have occurred due to increased sanctions pressure and additional restrictions on foreign trade. The results of the study will be of interest to economists studying the sectoral specifics of the socio-­economic development of regions, as well as to executive authorities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>региональная экономика</kwd><kwd>импортозамещение</kwd><kwd>обрабатывающая промышленность</kwd><kwd>внешняя торговля</kwd><kwd>доля импорта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regional economy</kwd><kwd>import substitution</kwd><kwd>manufacturing industry</kwd><kwd>foreign trade</kwd><kwd>share of imports</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках НИР № FMGZ‑2025-0012 «Структурно-­технологическая трансформация региональной экономики в условиях обеспечения национальной безопасности Российской Федерации: мониторинг, регулирование и прогноз».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of research project no. FMGZ‑2025-0012 “Structural and technological transformation of the regional economy in the context of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation: monitoring, regulation and forecast”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анимица Е.Г., Анимица П.Е., Глумов А.А. (2015). Импортозамещение в промышленном производстве региона: концептуально-теоретические и прикладные аспекты // Экономика региона. № 3. С. 160–172. DOI: 10.17059/2015-3-14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Animitsa E.G., Animitsa P.E., Glumov A.A. (2015). Import substitution in the industrial production of the region: conceptual, theoretical and applied aspects. Economy of the Region, no. 3, pp. 160–172 (in Russ.) 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