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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecr-journal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая наука современной России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economics of Contemporary Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1609-1442</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8996</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33293/1609-1442-2024-3(106)-7-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AICRBI</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecr-journal-1028</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значение человеческого потенциала как фактора и критерия социально-экономического развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The importance of human potential as a factor and criterion of socio-economic development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2223-7538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колганов</surname><given-names>Андрей Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolganov</surname><given-names>Andrey I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doct. Sc. (Economics), Professor, Chief of the Laboratory of Comparative Research of Socio-Economic Systems, Faculty of Economics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">onaglo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москва</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колганов А.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колганов А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolganov A.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1028">https://www.ecr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/1028</self-uri><abstract><p>Значение человеческого потенциала как фактора экономического развития давно осознано в экономической науке. В ней была предложена интерпретация экономической реализации этой роли в форме «человеческого капитала». Однако существуют значительные сомнения как в теоретической корректности такой интерпретации, так и в ее эмпирической обоснованности. Кроме того, концепция «человеческого капитала» значительно сужает роль человеческого потенциала в производстве. Чтобы точнее оценить эту роль, необходимо обратиться к исследованию того, как человеческий потенциал реализует себя в творческой деятельности. Экономическое присвоение результатов этой творческой деятельности приносит добавочный доход, принимающий форму интеллектуальной ренты. Однако капиталистическая форма присвоения результатов использования творческого потенциала человека ограничивает возможности его наиболее полного развертывания и применения. Более того, результаты творческой деятельности зачастую принимают формы фальшивых, иллюзорных благ и даже оборачиваются против человеческого развития. Чтобы обеспечить наибольший общественный эффект от использования человеческого потенциала, необходимо найти такие формы поддержки его развития, которые в большей степени будут соответствовать его внутреннему содержанию. Особенность творческой деятельности, состоящая в том, что она выступает не только как средство достижения каких‑либо целей, но и как самоцель, позволяет наиболее полно использовать человеческий потенциал, если предоставить каждому человеку условия для наиболее полного развития и применения его способностей. Для этого необходимо обеспечить приоритетное развитие сфер формирования и развития человеческого потенциала (образования, здравоохранения, науки и культуры) и действительное равенство возможностей для развития способностей каждого человека, что позволит создать наиболее широкую базу для использования общенационального человеческого потенциала. Возможными путями решения этих задач могут быть: 1) реализация политики государственного патернализма и расширения производства так называемых опекаемых благ и 2) постепенное смягчение отчуждения человека от собственности и управления в экономике, что требует поисков частичного компромисса интересов нанимателей и наемных работников.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The importance of human potential as a factor of economic development was long recognized in economics. It proposed an interpretation of the economic realization of this role in the form of “human capital”. However, there are significant doubts about both the theoretical correctness of such an interpretation and its empirical validity. In addition, the concept of “human capital” significantly diminishes the role of human potential in production. To better assess this role, it is necessary to turn to the study of how human potential realizes itself in creative activity. The economic appropriation of the results of this creative activity brings additional income, which takes the form of intellectual rent. However, the capitalist form of appropriation of the results of the use of human creative potential limits the possibilities of its complete deployment and application. Moreover, the results of creative activity often take the form of false, illusory benefits, and even turn against human development. In order to ensure a better social effect of the use of human potential, it is necessary to find forms of support its development that will better correspond to its internal content. The peculiarity of creative activity, which consists in the fact that it acts not only as a means of achieving any goals, but also as an end in itself, allows the widest opportunities for the use of human potential if you provide each person with conditions for the complete development and application of his abilities. To achieve this, it is necessary to ensure priority development of the areas of formation and development of human potential (education, health care, science and culture) and true equality of the opportunities for the development of the abilities in each person, which will create the best possible base for the use of national human potential. Possible ways to solve these problems may be: 1) the implementation a policy of state paternalism and expand the production of so-called patronized goods, and 2) the gradual mitigation of the alienation of man from ownership and management in the economy, which requires the search for a partial compromise between the interests of employers and employees.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>человеческий потенциал</kwd><kwd>человеческий капитал</kwd><kwd>творческая деятельность</kwd><kwd>креативная деятельность</kwd><kwd>креативный класс</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальная рента</kwd><kwd>социально-экономическое развитие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human potential</kwd><kwd>human capital</kwd><kwd>creative activity</kwd><kwd>creative class</kwd><kwd>intellectual rent</kwd><kwd>socio-economic development</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-18-00508 (http:// rscf.ru/project/23-18-00508/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 23-18-00508 (https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-18-00508/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аникин В.А. 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